HVDC systems are playing an increasingly significant role in energy transmission due to
their technical and economic superiority over HVAC systems for long distance transmission …

This article represents a brief study on popular bio-inspired meta-heuristic optimization
methods and their applications. These methods, which imitate biological phenomena or …

Modular multilevel converter (MMC) is one of the most promising topologies for medium to
high-voltage high-power applications. The main features of MMC are modularity, voltage …

Modular multilevel converters have several attractive features such as a modular structure,
the capability of transformer-less operation, easy scalability in terms of voltage and current …

The modular multilevel converter (MMC) has attracted significant interest for medium-/high-
power energy conversion applications due to its modularity, scalability, and excellent …

The converters and their control strategies play an important role in converting, transmitting,
and improving the performance of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) system. There are …

High-voltage direct current (HVDC) has received considerable attention due to several
advantageous features such as minimum transmission losses, enhanced stability, and …

The modular multilevel converter (MMC) has become the most promising converter topology
for medium-and high-power applications. In this paper, a sliding mode control (SMC) based …

This study addresses the power-flow-analysis problem for direct-current (DC) grids from a
numerical perspective. Classical and emerging algorithms for power flow solutions in DC …

This paper deals with the problem of trajectory tracking of a class of bilinear systems with
time-varying measurable disturbance, namely, systems of the form x ̇ (t)=[A+∑ iui (t) B i] x …