Animal venoms have evolved over millions of years for prey capture and defense from
predators and rivals. Snake venoms, in particular, have evolved a wide diversity of peptides …

This review discusses the many roles atomistic computer simulations of macromolecular (for
example, protein) receptors and their associated small-molecule ligands can play in drug …

phenix. refine is a program within the PHENIX package that supports crystallographic
structure refinement against experimental data with a wide range of upper resolution limits …

Snakebite envenoming continues to claim many lives across the globe, necessitating the
development of improved therapies. To this end, broadly-neutralizing human monoclonal …

The classical studies of nicotine by Langley at the turn of the 20th century introduced the
concept of a “receptive substance,” from which the idea of a “receptor” came to light …

Nicotinic receptors—a family of ligand-gated ion channels that mediate the effects of the
neurotransmitter acetylcholine—are among the most well understood allosteric membrane …

Type A GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) receptors represent a diverse population in the
mammalian brain, forming pentamers from combinations of α-, β-, γ-, δ-, ε-, ρ-, θ-and π …

Bites by elapid snakes (eg cobras) can result in life-threatening paralysis caused by venom
neurotoxins blocking neuromuscular nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Here, we determine …

Transmembrane receptors allow a cell to communicate with its environment in response to a
variety of input signals. These can be changes in the concentration of ligands (eg hormones …

Snake venoms are complex mixtures of pharmacologically active peptides and proteins.
These protein toxins belong to a small number of superfamilies of proteins. Three-finger …