Electrical doping (that is, intentional engineering of carrier density) underlies most energy-
related and optoelectronic semiconductor technologies. However, for the intensely studied …

In this brief review, we summarize and elaborate on some of the nomenclature of polaritonic
phenomena and systems as they appear in the literature on quantum materials and …

Plasmon polaritons are hybrid excitations of light and mobile electrons that can confine the
energy of long-wavelength radiation at the nanoscale. Plasmon polaritons may enable many …

Moiré engineering is being intensively investigated as a method to tune the electronic,
magnetic and optical properties of twisted van der Waals materials. Advances in moiré …

BACKGROUND Light trapped at the nanoscale, deep below the optical wavelength, exhibits
an increase in the associated electric field strength, which results in enhanced light-matter …

Infrared and optical spectroscopy represents one of the most informative methods in
advanced materials research. As an important branch of modern optical techniques that has …

The rise of two-dimensional (2D) materials research took place following the isolation of
graphene in 2004. These new 2D materials include transition metal dichalcogenides, mono …

van der Waals heterostructures assembled from atomically thin crystalline layers of diverse
two-dimensional solids are emerging as a new paradigm in the physics of materials. We …

Element isotopes are characterized by distinct atomic masses and nuclear spins, which can
significantly influence material properties. Notably, however, isotopes in natural materials …

Uniaxial materials whose axial and tangential permittivities have opposite signs are referred
to as indefinite or hyperbolic media. In such materials, light propagation is unusual leading …