Neural networks have revolutionized the area of artificial intelligence and introduced
transformative applications to almost every scientific field and industry. However, this …

Recently, significant interest has emerged in fabricated systems that mimic the behavior of
geometrically frustrated materials. We present the full realization of such an artificial spin ice …

Patterning nanomagnets in three-dimensions presents a new paradigm in condensed matter
physics and allows access to a plethora of phenomena including robust spin textures …

Magnetic charge propagation in spin-ice materials has yielded a paradigm-shift in science,
allowing the symmetry between electricity and magnetism to be studied. Recent work is now …

We study ac demagnetization in frustrated arrays of single-domain ferromagnetic islands,
exhaustively resolving every (Ising-like) magnetic degree of freedom in the systems …

We study the impact of geometry on magnetostatically frustrated single-domain nanomagnet
arrays. We examine square and hexagonal lattice arrays, as well as a brickwork geometry …

We systematically investigate magnetic reversal of permalloy islands in a square spin-ice
geometry with in situ Lorentz microscopy. Differential phase imaging reveals the presence of …

Artificial spin-ices consist of lithographic arrays of single-domain magnetic nanowires
organised into frustrated lattices. These geometries are usually two-dimensional, allowing a …

For nearly half a century, the era of nanoscience was driven by the paradigm that the
reduction in dimensions in nanomaterials would provide a deeper understanding of the …

We have studied the magnetic-moment configurations of different geometry clusters of single-
domain nanoscale ferromagnetic islands. The clusters consisted of four islands arranged in …