BACKGROUND The idea that memory is stored as enduring changes in the brain dates
back at least to the time of Plato and Aristotle (circa 350 BCE), but its scientific articulation …

Tremendous progress has been made since Neuron published our Primer on genetic
dissection of neural circuits 10 years ago. Since then, cell-type-specific anatomical …

What happens to memories as days, weeks and years go by has long been a fundamental
question in neuroscience and psychology. For decades, researchers have attempted to …

Tau is a developmentally regulated axonal protein that stabilizes and bundles microtubules
(MTs). Its hyperphosphorylation is thought to cause detachment from MTs and subsequent …

Many attempts have been made to localize the physical trace of a memory, or engram, in the
brain. However, until recently, engrams have remained largely elusive. In this Review, we …

The idea that memory is stored in the brain as physical alterations goes back at least as far
as Plato, but further conceptualization of this idea had to wait until the 20 th century when …

Rats and mice are used for studying neuronal circuits underlying recognition memory due to
their ability to spontaneously remember the occurrence of an object, its place and an …

Relapse to drug use during abstinence is a defining feature of addiction. During the last
several decades, this clinical scenario has been studied at the preclinical level using classic …

Targeting genetically encoded tools for neural circuit dissection to relevant cellular
populations is a major challenge in neurobiology. We developed an approach, targeted …

This Perspective will examine the organization of intrastriatal circuitry, review recent findings
in this area, and discuss how the pattern of connectivity between striatal neurons might give …