4004 ESC Guidelines label use of medication should be limited to situations where it is in
the patient's interest to do so, with regard to the quality, safety, and efficacy of care, and only …

Youth and adult participation in sports continues to increase, and athletes may be
diagnosed with potentially arrhythmogenic cardiac conditions. This international …

Importance Sudden death and cardiac arrest frequently occur without explanation, even
after a thorough clinical evaluation. Calcium release deficiency syndrome (CRDS), a life …

The sarcoplasmatic reticulum (SR) cardiac ryanodine receptor/calcium release channel
RyR2 is an essential regulator of cardiac excitation–contraction coupling and intracellular …

The 3 most common inherited arrhythmia syndromes—Brugada syndrome, congenital long
QT syndrome and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia—were initially …

Background Holter electrocardiographic monitoring is a cornerstone of diagnostic testing for
arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) in Boxer dogs, but physical activity during …

Objective Human cardiac ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2) shows autosomal-dominant
inheritance in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia type 1 (CPVT1); …

Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a rare and potentially
lethal inherited arrhythmia disease characterized by exercise or emotion-induced …

Inherited arrhythmia syndromes are a common cause of apparently unexplained cardiac
arrest or sudden cardiac death. These include long QT syndrome and Brugada syndrome …

Background Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is used widely in the diagnosis,
exercise therapy, and prognosis evaluation of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) …