The immune system deploys a multitude of innate and adaptive mechanisms not only to
ward off pathogens but also to prevent malignant transformation (“immune surveillance”) …

Aminoglycoside antibiotics are used as prophylaxis, or urgent treatment, for many life-
threatening bacterial infections, including tuberculosis, sepsis, respiratory infections in cystic …

Resident cochlear macrophages rapidly migrate into the inner hair cell synaptic region and
directly contact the damaged synaptic connections after noise-induced synaptopathy …

Macrophages are abundant in the cochlea; however, their role in hearing loss is not well
understood. Insults to the cochlea, such as noise or insertion of a cochlear implant, cause an …

Cells of the immune system are present in the adult cochlea and respond to damage caused
by noise exposure. However, the types of immune cells involved and their locations within …

Mature mammalian cochlear hair cells (HCs) do not spontaneously regenerate once lost,
leading to life-long hearing deficits. Attempts to induce HC regeneration in adult mammals …

Inflammation is a complex biological response to harmful stimuli including infection, tissue
damage, and toxins. Thus, it is not surprising that cochlear damage by noise includes an …

Cells of the immune system have been shown to infiltrate the cochlea after acoustic trauma
or ototoxic drug treatment; however, the contribution of the immune system to hair cell loss in …

The inner ear, like all organs, interacts with the systemic immune system via lymphatic
drainage and vascular circulation to protect itself from infections and stress such as acoustic …

The human inner ear, which is segregated by a blood/labyrinth barrier, contains resident
macrophages [CD163, ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (IBA1)-, and CD68 …