This article considers critically how one of the oldest and most widely applied statistical
methods, principal components analysis (PCA), is employed with spatial data. We first …

The hydrology and geomorphology of most rivers has been fundamentally altered through a
long history of human interventions including modification of river channels, floodplains, and …

There is a lack of understanding of the complex spatiotemporal patterns of heat exposure
during heat waves, and the impact of urbanization intensity and urban morphology on heat …

Ecologists can be overwhelmed by the number of metrics available to quantify landscape
structure. Clarification of interrelationships and redundancy is needed to guide metric …

The Mediterranean area is one of the most significantly altered hotspots on Earth, since it
has been intensively affected by human activity for millennia. As a result, only 4.7% of its …

The reformation of the Swedish agricultural system, about 150years ago, drastically
changed the use of semi-natural grasslands. Grassland plant diversity has declined due to …

Traditional landscapes are changing with increasing speed and an important cultural
heritage is becoming lost. New landscapes replace the traditional ones gradually or …

Land-use and land-cover changes affect ecological landscape functions and processes.
Hence, landscape ecologists have a central interest in a comprehensive understanding of …

Spatial heterogeneity has an important influence on a wide range of ecological patterns and
processes, and many landscape metrics in GIS environment are used to facilitate the …

Central Rondônia is one of the most deforested regions in the Brazilian Amazon and
contains areas at different stages of degradation forming a gradient from mature forest to …