This work is aimed for experimental study on effects of spark timings, compression ratios
(4.5: 1 to 7.2: 1) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on combustion characteristics of …

This comprehensive review examines hydrogen's potential as a pivotal clean energy carrier,
focusing on its role in replacing fossil fuels across various industries. This study also …

Worldwide emission standards are now required to cover engine operation under extreme
ambient conditions, which affect the raw emissions and the efficiency of the exhaust …

The rationale behind the proposals of potential updating of the limit values from Annex VIII
(limit values for emissions from mobile sources) are provided in the following chapters. All …

Green hydrogen (GH2) is emerging as a key driver of global energy transition, offering a
sustainable pathway to decarbonize energy systems and achieve climate objectives. This …

For centuries, fossil fuels have been the primary energy source, but their unchecked use has
led to significant environmental and economic challenges that now shape the global energy …

One of the most significant renewable energy sources in the coming decades will be
hydrogen. Recently, most of the hydrogen in the world has been produced using fossil fuels …

Introduction: Today, technological developments cause the depletion of our natural
resources, the deterioration of our living spaces, and the extinction of natural balance and …

The acquisition of high-voltage signals from sensors and actuators in an internal-combustion
engine is often required for diagnostic purposes or in the case of conversion to alternative …