Throughout their evolutionary history, bacteria have faced diverse threats from other
microorganisms, including competing bacteria, bacteriophages and predators. In response …

Antibiotic resistance and its wider implications present us with a growing healthcare crisis.
Recent research points to the environment as an important component for the transmission …

Surface-associated microbial communities, called biofilms, are present in all environments.
Although biofilms play an important positive role in a variety of ecosystems, they also have …

The widespread use of antibiotics results in the generation of antibiotic concentration
gradients in humans, livestock and the environment. Thus, bacteria are frequently exposed …

Integrons are versatile gene acquisition systems commonly found in bacterial genomes.
They are ancient elements that are a hot spot for genomic complexity, generating phenotypic …

The worldwide growth of aquaculture has been accompanied by a rapid increase in
therapeutic and prophylactic usage of antimicrobials including those important in human …

The presence of an abnormal amount of single-stranded DNA in the bacterial cell constitutes
a genotoxic alarm signal that induces the SOS response, a broad regulatory network found …

Sewage treatment plants (STPs) have repeatedly been suggested as “hotspots” for the
emergence and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. A critical question still …

Bacteria can be adapted to adverse and detrimental conditions that induce general and
specific responses to DNA damage as well as acid, heat, cold, starvation, oxidative …

One of the most terrible consequences of Darwinian evolution is arguably the emergence
and spread of antibiotic resistance, which is becoming a serious menace to modern …