Perinatal mental health has become a significant focus of interest in recent years, with
investment in new specialist mental health services in some high‐income countries, and …

Invasive and non-invasive brain stimulation methods are widely used in neuroscience to
establish causal relationships between distinct brain regions and the sensory, cognitive and …

Objectives: To provide advice and guidance regarding the management of mood disorders,
derived from scientific evidence and supplemented by expert clinical consensus to formulate …

Major depressive disorder (MDD), also referred to as depression, is one of the most common
psychiatric disorders with a high economic burden. The etiology of depression is still not …

Background Treatment-resistant major depressive disorder is common; repetitive
transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) by use of high-frequency (10 Hz) left-side …

Transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) holds great potential as a tool to alter neural
circuits non-invasively in both animals and humans. In contrast to established non-invasive …

Importance Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is common in older adults. Bilateral
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for 48 …

Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a unique form of non-invasive brain
stimulation. Sinusoidal alternating electric currents are delivered to the scalp to affect mostly …

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an effective treatment for depression but is
limited in that the optimal therapeutic target remains unknown. Early TMS trials lacked a …

Background The optimal target in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for treating depression
with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) remains unknown. Better efficacy …