In developing countries, partisanship is pervasive, but its motivations remain largely
unexplored. Whereas non-programmatic party–voter linkages dominate the political …

How does the social structure of a neighborhood affect the linkage strategies chosen by
politicians? Our argument links the social centrality of individuals and the social density of …

This paper argues that new computer, smartphone, and universal ID technologies are
reducing the incentives for political clientelism in the delivery of social programmes in India …