Until recently, the assumption of the language-teaching literature has been that new
languages are best taught and learned monolingually, without the use of the students' own …

This article aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on the use of first language (L1) in
foreign language (FL) classrooms by reviewing recently published empirical literature from …

Now in its second edition, Teaching and Researching Language Learning Strategies: Self-
Regulation in Context charts the field systematically and coherently for the benefit of …

Written by a team of leading experts working in different SLA specialisms, this fourth edition
is a clear and concise introduction to the main theories of second language acquisition …

An enduring issue in immersion education focuses on the appropriate use of the L1 in the
one-way or two-way immersion classroom. In this article we discuss several key constructs …

This article presents the results of an anonymous, Internet‐based questionnaire study on
target language (TL) and first language (L1) use in university‐level foreign language (FL) …

This study examined the amount, the purposes, and the reasons why L1 is used in L2
classrooms. Data consist of video and audio recording of samples of two instructors' L2 …

This study investigated how students learning English and students learning Spanish
activated multilingual repertoires as they participated in one high school program that aimed …

Previous research has demonstrated that collaborative writing (CW) tasks are useful
instructional activities as they increase the learning opportunities in language classrooms (Li …

Predominant, if not exclusive, use of the target language has long been considered an
important principle of second language (L2) instruction. Previous research has attempted to …