Extracellular nucleotides (eg, ATP, ADP, UTP, UDP) released by inflammatory cells interact
with specific purinergic P2 type receptors to modulate their recruitment and activation. The …

Patient deaths resulting from cardiovascular diseases are increasing across the globe,
posing the greatest risk to patients in developed countries. Myocardial infarction, as a result …

Gap junctions are essential to the function of multicellular animals, which require a high
degree of coordination between cells. In vertebrates, gap junctions comprise connexins and …

Abstract Connexin-43 (Cx43), a predominant cardiac connexin, forms gap junctions (GJs)
that facilitate electrical cell–cell coupling and unapposed/nonjunctional hemichannels that …

Plasma membrane hemichannels composed of connexin (Cx) proteins are essential
components of gap junction channels but accumulating evidence suggests functions of …

Evidence is accumulating that some forms of cell death, like apoptosis, are not only
governed by the complex interplay between extracellular and intracellular signals but are …

In normal brain, neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, the most abundant and active
cells express pannexins and connexins, protein subunits of two families forming membrane …

The neurovascular unit (NVU) is a relatively recent concept that clearly describes the
relationship between brain cells and their blood vessels. The components of the NVU …

Eighty years ago Drury & Szent-Gyorgyi described the actions of adenosine, AMP (adenylic
acid) and ATP (pyrophosphoric or diphosphoric ester of adenylic acid) on the mammalian …

The transmembrane sodium gradient is essential for both excitability of the cardiac cell and
the regulation of the cytoplasmic concentrations of Ca and protons. In addition, movements …