Antifogging (AF) structure materials found in nature have great potential for enabling novel
and emerging products and technologies to facilitate the daily life of human societies …

This article reviews recent work on surgical robots that have been used or tested in vivo,
focusing on aspects related to human–robot interaction. We present the general design …

Endoscopic surgery has gained widespread applications in various clinical departments,
and endoscope surfaces with antifogging and antibacterial properties are essential for …

The coating is frequently adopted to modify the product surface without influencing the
essential features of the pristine products. Recently, significant demand has existed for …

Preventing the appearance of fog on transparent glass is an important issue not only in our
daily lives but also in scientific research and clinical diagnosis. A zeolite molecular sieve …

A method for the deposition and functionalization of a nanostructured organotitanate thin
film, which imparts superhydrophilicity to a surface with a one‐step, open‐air process, is …

Objective Current literature demonstrates a lack of comparative in vivo studies regarding
laparoscopic lens fogging (LLF). This randomized trial aimed to compare 3 popular methods …

Background Laparoscopic lens fogging (LLF) hampers vision and impedes operative
efficiency. Attempts to reduce LLF have led to the development of various anti-fogging fluids …

Minimally invasive surgery requires real-time tool tracking to guide the surgeon where depth
perception and visual occlusion present navigational challenges. Although vision-based …

Introduction Laparoscopy is now the gold standard approach to many surgical procedures
thanks to its many advantages. Minimizing distractions is essential to a safe and successful …