Highlights•Motivation may have a preferential impact on proactive cognitive control
mechanisms.•Dopamine signals may enhance control by modulating prefrontal task …

Cognitive control relies on distributed and potentially high-dimensional frontoparietal task
representations. Yet, the classical cognitive neuroscience approach in this domain has …

The amount of mental effort we invest in a task is influenced by the reward we can expect if
we perform that task well. However, some of the rewards that have the greatest potential for …

Achieving most goals demands cognitive control, yet people vary widely in their success at
meeting these demands. Although motivation is known to be fundamental to determining …

A hallmark of adaptation in humans and other animals is our ability to control how we think
and behave across different settings. Research has characterized the various forms …

Humans can seamlessly combine value signals from diverse motivational incentives, yet it is
not well understood how these signals are “bundled” in the brain to modulate cognitive …

Aversive motivation plays a prominent role in driving individuals to exert cognitive control.
However, the complexity of behavioral responses attributed to aversive incentives creates …

To invest effort into any cognitive task, people must be sufficiently motivated. Whereas prior
research has focused primarily on how the cognitive control required to complete these …

A growing body of literature has demonstrated that motivation influences cognitive
processing. The breadth of these effects is extensive and span influences of reward …

Anhedonia has long been considered a cardinal symptom of schizophrenia. This symptom is
strongly associated with poor functional outcome, and limited treatment options are …