Over the past ten years, we have worked in a collaboration between educators and
computer scientists at the University of Illinois to imagine futures for education in the context …

Although research on schema has been widely investigated for the past decades, little
research has addressed the development of a systematic instructional design theory using …

Abstract Knowledge maps have been widely used in knowledge elicitation and
representation to evaluate and guide students' learning. To effectively evaluate maps …

Research suggests that scaffolding is an important element when gaining problem-solving
skills. However, very little research has investigated the role of fading and explored its …

Many theories and models describe the various cognitive processes individuals engage in
as they solve ill-structured problems. While diverse in perspectives, these theories and …

Instructional strategies employing complex problem-solving examine how learners
represent the problem space and argue for decisions. Unlike problems with few solutions …

During reading, students construct mental models of what they read. Summaries can be
used to evaluate the latent knowledge structure of these mental models. We used indices …

Abstract Summary writing is an important skill that students use throughout their academic
careers, writing supports reading and vocabulary skills as well as the acquisition of content …

This experimental investigation considers how the inherent conceptual structure of external
representations influences individuals' knowledge structure, and in addition proposes a …

Decision-making in complex environments requires a detailed understanding of causality to
avoid unintended consequences and consider multiple scenarios. Concept mapping is of …