The use of documentary evidence to investigate past climatic trends and events has become
a recognised approach in recent decades. This contribution presents the state of the art in its …

Instrumental meteorological measurements from periods prior to the start of national weather
services are designated “early instrumental data.” They have played an important role in …

Climate reconstructions have contributed tremendously to our understanding of changes in
the climate system and will continue to do so. However, in climate science the focus has …

Weather‐and climate‐related hazards are responsible for monetary losses, material
damages, and societal consequences. Quantifying related risks is, therefore, an important …

There is a growing need for past weather and climate data to support science and decision-
making. This paper describes the compilation and construction of a global multivariable (air …

Wet and dry extremes in Quito (Ecuador) over the last 400 years are studied using two
sources of information: the longest available instrumental rainfall series in northern South …

The recovery of early records of maximum, minimum, and mean temperatures; pressure; and
relative humidity measurements in Puerto Madryn for the period 1902–1915 is presented. A …

Abstract The international Atmospheric Circulation Reconstructions over the Earth (ACRE)
initiative works to recover global climate history and build an accessible databank, with data …

Paleoclimate reconstructions are essential for understanding the dynamics of the climate
system and its past variations. By utilizing climate-dependent proxies, these reconstructions …

The study of historical extreme heat is helpful for understanding modern heatwaves. By
collecting 63 historical documents from three kinds of historical materials and using text …