Background The increased adoption of the internet, social media, wearable devices, e-
health services, and other technology-driven services in medicine and healthcare has led to …

Interest in real‐world data (RWD) and real‐world evidence (RWE) to expedite and enrich the
development of new biopharmaceutical products has proliferated in recent years, spurred by …

Importance Understanding the effect of serum antibodies to severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on susceptibility to infection is important for …

Abstract Background Personalized, precision, P4, or stratified medicine is understood as a
medical approach in which patients are stratified based on their disease subtype, risk …

The development and deployment of machine learning systems can be executed easily with
modern tools, but the process is typically rushed and means-to-an-end. Lack of diligence …

Integration of external control data, with patient-level information, in clinical trials has the
potential to accelerate the development of new treatments in neuro-oncology by …

The majority of cardiovascular randomized controlled trials (RCTs) test interventions in
selected patient populations under explicitly protocol-defined settings. Although these …

We reviewed foundational concepts in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML)
and discussed ways in which these methodologies may be employed to enhance progress …

Introduction Real-world evidence derived from electronic health records (EHRs) is
increasingly recognized as a supplement to evidence generated from traditional clinical …

Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are the gold standard in producing clinical evidence of
efficacy and safety of medical interventions. More recently, a new paradigm is emerging …