Background Current guidelines recommend therapeutic drug monitoring as a critical
component of valproic acid (VPA) therapy. Due to high protein binding, the active unbound …

Objectives The purpose of this critical narrative review is to discuss common indications for
ordering serum albumin levels in adult critically ill patients, evaluate the literature supporting …

Background Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is recommended during valproic acid (VPA)
use, and total serum concentration has been widely adopted. However, the free form of VPA …

Valproic acid (VPA) is mainly used in the clinic to treat epilepsy, for which the therapeutic
window is narrow to avoid causing adverse reactions such as hepatotoxicity and …

Aims Few personalized monitoring models for valproic acid (VPA) in pediatric epilepsy
patients (PEPs) incorporate machine learning (ML) algorithms. This study aimed to develop …

Purpose The likelihood of valproate (VPA) induced thrombocytopenia increases with higher
VPA levels. In critically ill patients, the biological active free VPA level cannot be predicted …

Purpose To perform therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of total and free plasma valproic acid
(VPA) concentrations in pediatric patients with epilepsy and to analyze related factors …

Background: Phenytoin has a narrow therapeutic index and the potential of under-treatment
or toxicity. Available equations are used to correct for the impact of hypoalbuminemia on …

Background Valproic acid (VPA) is a small molecule which is the 3rd most prescribed drug
among anticonvulsant therapeutics. Understanding of the pharmacology of VPA targets will …

BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and hemorrhage remain the leading causes of
death after trauma. We have previously shown that a dose of valproic acid (VPA) at (150 …