This meta-analysis and narrative review synthesizes the literature on classroom goal
structures and their relationships with student outcomes, focusing additionally on the ways in …

Ensuring quality education at the middle school level is pivotal in fostering students'
academic success and personal growth. However, many educational systems grapple with …

Discipline reformers claim that suspensions negatively affect suspended students, while
others suggest reforms have unintended consequences for peers. Using student panel data …

Although Black and Latinx students disproportionately face exclusionary school discipline,
prior research finds that the likelihood of suspension for Black students decreases when …

Although minor misconduct is normative in adolescence, such behavior may be met with
punishment in American schools. As part of a punitive disciplinary approach, teachers may …

This study examined how perceived social support from parents, classmates, and teachers
jointly and uniquely predicted psychopathology (ie, internalizing and externalizing …

Negative interactions with the legal system can inform adolescents' relationships with
schools. The present daily-diary study examined 13,545 daily survey assessments from 387 …

Research indicates that school discipline practices are inequitable based on student race,
class, and gender; yet, few studies highlight students' voices regarding their experiences …

In recent decades, there has been considerable public interest and policy action regarding
the issue of exclusionary discipline from early care and education (ECE) settings. While …

The academic impact of the transition from elementary to middle school has significant
consequences for many early adolescents. This study examines academic growth across …