The Earth's cryosphere comprises those regions that are cold enough for water to turn into
ice. Recent findings show that the icy realms of polar oceans, glaciers and ice sheets are …

Ice-binding proteins (IBPs) are a diverse class of proteins that assist organism survival in the
presence of ice in cold climates. They have different origins in many organisms, including …

Ice-binding proteins (IBP) facilitate survival under extreme conditions in diverse life forms.
IBPs in polar fishes block further growth of internalized environmental ice and inhibit ice …

By natural selection, organisms evolve different solutions to cope with extremely cold
weather. The emergence of an antifreeze protein gene is one of the most momentous …

The ubiquitous divalent cations magnesium and calcium are important nutrients required by
bacteria for growth and cell maintenance. Multi-faceted roles are shown both in bacterial …

Biofilms are the dominant bacterial lifestyle. The regulation of the formation and dispersal of
bacterial biofilms has been the subject of study in many organisms. Over the last two …

More than 80% of Earth's surface is exposed periodically or continuously to temperatures
below 5° C. Organisms that can live in these areas are called psychrophilic or …

Bacterial adhesins are modular cell-surface proteins that mediate adherence to other cells,
surfaces, and ligands. The Antarctic bacterium Marinomonas primoryensis uses a 1.5-MDa …

Background A giant protein called BAP (biofilm-associated protein) plays a role in biofilm
formation and adhesion to host cells in A. baumannii. Most of the protein is made by arrays …

Ice-binding proteins (IBPs) are typically small, soluble proteins produced by cold-adapted
organisms to help them avoid ice damage by either resisting or tolerating freezing. By …