Simple Summary Higher plants face a variety of stress conditions. There are a number of
different antioxidant enzymes that help plants to cope with these stresses. During stresses …

Phytohormones (PHs) play crucial role in regulation of various physiological and
biochemical processes that govern plant growth and yield under optimal and stress …

The global biomass production from agricultural farmlands is facing severe constraints from
abiotic stresses like soil salinization. Salinity-mediated stress triggered the overproduction of …

The importance of selenium (Se) for medicine, industry and the environment is increasingly
apparent. Se is essential for many species, including humans, but toxic at elevated …

The chloroplast can act as an environmental sensor, communicating with the cell during
biogenesis and operation to change the expression of thousands of proteins. This process …

Abstract Glutathione (GSH; γ-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine) is a small intracellular thiol
molecule which is considered as a strong non-enzymatic antioxidant. Glutathione regulates …

Plants cannot survive without glutathione (γ‐glutamylcysteinylglycine) or γ‐glutamylcysteine‐
containing homologues. The reasons why this small molecule is indispensable are not fully …

Until recently, most studies on the role of hormones in plant-pathogen interactions focused
on salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), and ethylene (ET). It is now clear that pathogen …

Plant immune responses mediated by the hormone jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine (JA-Ile) are
metabolically costly and often linked to reduced growth. Although it is known that JA-Ile …

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for humans and a beneficial element for plants.
However, high Se doses always exhibit hazardous effects. Recently, Se toxicity in plant-soil …