Abstract Recent years have seen a renaissance of investigation into the mechanisms of
inner ear development. Genetic analysis of zebrafish has contributed significantly to this …

The positional cues for formation of individual inner ear components are dependent on pre-
established axial information conferred by inductive signals from tissues surrounding the …

Holt-Oram syndrome is one of the autosomal dominant human 'heart-hand'disorders, with a
combination of upper limb malformations and cardiac defects. Holt-Oram syndrome is …

1. Introduction 2. Molecular Regulation of the Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Interrenal (HPI) Axis
2.1. Hypothalamus 2.2. Pituitary 2.3. Head Kidney (Interrenal Tissue) 3. Genomic Cortisol …

Angular head movements in vertebrates are detected by the three semicircular canals of the
inner ear and their associated sensory tissues, the cristae. Bone morphogenetic protein 4 …

In mammals, hair cells and auditory neurons lack the capacity to regenerate, and damage to
either cell type can result in hearing loss. Replacement cells for regeneration could …

In teleosts, proper balance and hearing depend on mechanical sensors in the inner ear.
These sensors include actin-based microvilli and microtubule-based cilia that extend from …

Craniofacial malformations are common structural birth defects and usually associate with
abnormal development of pharyngeal arches. Although some microRNAs have been found …

Altered Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling leads to multiple developmental
defects, including brachydactyly and deafness. Here we identify chondroitin synthase 1 …

The inner ear of mammals uses neurosensory cells derived from the embryonic ear for
mechanoelectric transduction of vestibular and auditory stimuli (the hair cells) and conducts …