Nootropics, also known as “smart drugs” are a diverse group of medicinal substances whose
action improves human thinking, learning, and memory, especially in cases where these …

Neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension, insulin
resistance, cancer, and other degenerative processes commonly appear with aging. Ginkgo …

Flavonoids constitute a large group of polyphenolic compounds with numerous effects on
behaviour and cognition. These effects vary from learning and memory enhancement to an …

Memory, one of the most vital aspects of the human brain, is necessary for the effective
survival of an individual.'Memory'can be defined in various ways but in an overall view …

Methylene blue (MB) is a well-established drug with a long history of use, owing to its
diverse range of use and its minimal side effect profile. MB has been used classically for the …

Factors influencing brain function and cognitive performance can be critical to athletic
performance of esports athletes. This review aims to discuss the potential beneficial effects …

Nowadays, nutraceuticals are being incorporated into functional foods or used as
supplements with nonpharmacological approaches in the prevention and management of …

Plant-based nootropics are a diverse group of natural drugs that can improve cognitive
abilities through various physiological mechanisms, especially in cases where these …

Ethnopharmacological relevance Medicinal plants of the family Rosaceae have a long
history of traditional uses in the management of neurological disorders. Sorbaria tomentosa …

Dietary supplements are legally considered foods despite frequently including medicinal
plants as ingredients. Currently, the consumption of herbal dietary supplements, also known …