Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are a promising electrochemical energy
converter with an energy efficiency as high as 60%. Thermal management plays an …

Heat is the most common form of energy either in final or intermediate forms, with the latter
enabling energy conversion to other useful forms. Heat is primarily sourced from fossil fuels …

Fuel cells are employed for wide variety of applications due to their several advantages such
as low carbon dioxide emission, no requirement for moving components and high efficiency …

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the temperature control in proton exchange
membrane fuel cells. Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells inevitably emit a certain …

One of the challenges to increase the life and improve the performance of the proton
exchange membrane fuel cell (PEM) fuel cell is to use an appropriate cell cooling method …

In this study, micro-heat pipe arrays (MHPAs) are integrated into air-cooled proton exchange
membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) to enhance their load level and heat dissipation …

Thermal management is one of the key factors affecting the performance and durability of
proton exchange membrane fuel cells. In this study, a new concept of thermal management …

Photovoltaic (PV) panels provide a suitable way for the direct conversion of solar energy into
electricity. The electrical output and efficiency of PV modules are dependent on working …

With the growing rate of energy, depletion of natural resources, and the impact issues of
conventional energy sources on the global climate changes, there is a growing demand for …

Fuel cells (FCs) have gained increasing attention over the past few years as sustainable
energy conversion devices. This is mainly due to their high efficiency which related to the …