Solar meridional circulation is an axisymmetric flow system, extending from the equator to
the poles (∼ 20 m/s at the surface,≈ 1% of the mean solar rotation rate), plunging inwards …

Supergranules, which are solar flow features with a lateral scale of 30,000–40,000 km and a
lifetime of~ 24 h, form a prominent component of the Sun's convective spectrum. However …

Direct seismic imaging of subsurface flow, sound speed, and magnetic field is crucial for
predicting flux-tube emergence on the solar surface, an important ingredient for space …

Context. Retrograde Rossby waves, measured to have significant amplitudes in the Sun,
likely have notable implications for various solar phenomena. Aims. Rossby waves create …

The technique of normal-mode coupling is a powerful tool with which to seismically image
non-axisymmetric phenomena in the Sun. Here we apply mode coupling in the Cartesian …

Helioseismic observations have provided valuable data sets with which to pursue the
detailed investigation of solar interior dynamics. Among various methods to analyze these …

Context. Helioseismic inversions largely rely on sensitivity kernels, in which 3D spatial
functions describe how the changes in the solar interior translate into the change in …

The Sun is our closest star and is composed of self-gravitating ionized gas called plasma.
Subject to complicated shearing motion in the solar interior, the plasma generates magnetic …