At the core of human thought, for the majority of individuals in the developed nations at least,
there is the tacit assumption that as a species we are unfettered by the demands imposed by …

Meal timing and composition are frequently reported in the literature as zeitgebers (that is,
time cues) for the circadian system of humans and animal models, albeit secondary to light …

Light around twilight provides the primary entrainment signal for circadian rhythms. Here we
review the mechanisms and responses of the mouse and human circadian systems to light …

For decades, rods and cones were thought to be the only photoreceptors in the mammalian
retina. However, a population of atypical photoreceptive retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) …

Using the photopigment melanopsin, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells
(ipRGCs) respond directly to light to drive circadian clock resetting and pupillary constriction …

A subset of mammalian retinal ganglion cells expresses an opsin photopigment
(melanopsin, Opn4) and is intrinsically photosensitive. The human retina contains …

Light exerts widespread effects on physiology and behaviour. As well as the widely-
appreciated role of light in vision, light also plays a critical role in many non-visual …

Abstract Study Objectives: To assess the wavelength-dependent sensitivity of the acute
effects of ocular light exposure on alertness, performance, waking electroencephalogram …

Life on earth is subject to alternating cycles of day and night imposed by the rotation of the
earth. Consequently, living things have evolved photodetective systems to synchronize their …

The past twenty years have witnessed the most remarkable breakthroughs in our
understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms that underpin circadian …