For decades, the EU's trade policy has been centred around open (ing) markets. Why, then,
has the EU recently embraced open strategic autonomy as the conceptual cornerstone of its …

Two rival visions of Europe's place in the world economy competed for primacy throughout
the post-war era. The idea of an 'Atlantic Europe'promoted close economic ties to the United …

This article undertakes a comparative analysis of European Union security and external
economic policies to explore the different trajectories of strategic autonomy (SA) in these two …

Abstract The European Union (EU) has taken a geoeconomic turn since 2017 by creating a
series of new unilateral instruments designed to preserve European autonomy and adjust to …

This article traces the emergence of a novel interpretive platform in EU politics, one that
understands that an array of post-Great Recession changes in the global political economy …

Theorists of the transnational cleavage, defined as a political reaction against European
integration and immigration, also regularly conceptualise international trade preferences as …

Historically, crises have been lauded for fostering European Union (EU) integration.
Conversely, it has recently been predicted that the current 'polycrisis' will precipitate the EU's …

Traditionally, the EU has presented itself as a normative trade actor, as opposed to other
geopolitical trading powers. However, today, it is increasingly recognized that the EU is …

ABSTRACT (Open) strategic autonomy (OSA) has quickly become the dominant concept in
European Union (EU) trade policy strategy. This article aims to better understand how the …

Abstract The European Commission presented its Open, Sustainable and Assertive (OSA)
trade strategy in early 2021, heralding the document as representing a new and strategic …