X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is a powerful tool to study surface properties (< 10
nm) and is being widely used in almost all branches of science and engineering. This review …

Wastewaters often contain toxic organic pollutants with a possible adverse effect on human
health and aquatic life upon exposure. Persistent organic pollutants such as dyes and …

Nanoscale thin films are widely implemented across a plethora of technological and
scientific areas, and form the basis for many advancements that have driven human …

Nanoplastic pollution, the final product of plastic waste fragmentation in the environment,
represents an increasing concern for the scientific community due to the easier diffusion and …

TiO2 exists naturally in three crystalline forms: Anatase, rutile, brookite, and TiO2 (B). These
polymorphs exhibit different properties and consequently different photocatalytic …

Organic compounds, generated from different industries, produce a range of the problematic
pollutants in wastewater. TiO 2 based photocatalysts are novel materials that exhibit …

In recent years, metal oxide semiconductors have been explored as photocatalysts for the
degradation of organic contaminants in water/wastewater. The uniqueness of these oxide …

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is a promising approach for solar-driven
hydrogen production with zero emissions, and it has been intensively studied over the past …

As a key structural parameter, phase depicts the arrangement of atoms in materials.
Normally, a nanomaterial exists in its thermodynamically stable crystal phase. With the …

Titanium dioxide (TiO2), one of the most frequently used materials in general, has emerged
as an excellent photocatalytic material for environmental applications. In this review …