Trial-to-trial variability in the execution of movements and motor skills is ubiquitous and
widely considered to be the unwanted consequence of a noisy nervous system. However …

Vocal imitation in human infants and in some orders of birds relies on auditory-guided motor
learning during a sensitive period of development. It proceeds from'babbling'(in humans) …

The basal ganglia are known to influence action selection and modulation of movement
vigor, but whether and how they contribute to specifying the kinematics of learned motor …

Motor cortex is widely believed to underlie the acquisition and execution of motor skills, but
its contributions to these processes are not fully understood. One reason is that studies on …

Social behaviours in species as diverse as honey bees and humans promote group survival
but often come at some cost to the individual. Although reinforcement of adaptive social …

Individual differences in motor learning ability are widely acknowledged, yet little is known
about the factors that underlie them. Here we explore whether movement-to-movement …

For goal-directed behaviour it is critical that we can both select the appropriate action and
learn to modify the underlying movements (for example, the pitch of a note or velocity of a …

The roles of the basal ganglia (BG) in motor control are much debated. Many influential
hypotheses have grown from studies in which output signals of the BG were not blocked, but …

Stuttering is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that has to date eluded a clear
explication of its pathophysiological bases. In this review, we utilize the Directions Into …

How learning affects vocalizations is a key question in the study of animal communication
and human language. Parallel efforts in birds and humans have taught us much about how …