Cancer is a leading public health problem worldwide. Its treatment remains a daunting
challenge, although significant progress has been made in existing treatments in recent …

RNA-based therapeutics have shown great promise in treating a broad spectrum of
diseases through various mechanisms including knockdown of pathological genes …

Exosomes are nano-sized small extracellular vesicles secreted by cells, carrying nucleic
acids, proteins, lipids and other bioactive substances to play a role in the body's …

Abstract M2-polarized, pro-tumoral tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) express the
interleukin-4 receptor (IL4R) at higher levels compared with M1-polarized, anti-tumoral …

Exosomes are cell-secreted nanoparticles (generally with a size of 30–150 nm) bearing
numerous biological molecules including nucleic acids, proteins and lipids, which are …

RNA-based therapy is a promising and potential strategy for disease treatment by
introducing exogenous nucleic acids such as messenger RNA (mRNA), small interfering …

Plant exosome-like nanovesicles, being innately replete with bioactive lipids, proteins, RNA,
and other pharmacologically active molecules, offer unique morphological and …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a novel cell‐free strategy for the treatment of
many diseases including cancer. As a result of their natural properties to mediate cell‐to‐cell …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been recognized as a leading public health problem
worldwide. The global estimated prevalence of CKD is 13.4%(11.7–15.1%), and patients …

Exosomes, a class of small bilayer vesicles derived from virtually all eukaryotic cells, have
been exploited as a promising natural delivery platform due to their low toxicity, excellent …