Lactating dairy cows exhibit a myriad of responses to heat stress. These responses partially
facilitate the thermal balance between heat gain and heat loss, but also account for …

Mammary glands are unique to mammals, with the specific function of synthesizing,
secreting, and delivering milk to the newborn. Given this function, it is only during a …

Etherton, Terry D., and Dale E. Bauman. Biology of Somatotropin in Growth and Lactation of
Domestic Animals. Physiol. Rev. 78: 745–761, 1998.—Impressive progress has been made …

Michael Akers provides the basics for understanding mammary development and lactation
and conveys the critical regulatory events in lactation. This text willl prove to be an …

Heat stress reduces cow milk yield and results in a significant economic loss for the dairy
industry. During lactation, heat stress lowers milk production by 25 to 40% with half of the …

This review deals with the cellular mechanisms that transport milk constituents or the
precursors of milk constituents into, out of, and across the mammary secretory cell. The …

The peripartal dairy cow experiences a state of reduced liver function coupled with
increased inflammation and oxidative stress. This study evaluated the effect of …

It is now apparent that regulation of blood vessel growth contributes to the classical actions
of hormones on development, growth, and reproduction. Endothelial cells are ideally …

Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland commonly caused by bacterial infection.
The inflammatory process is a normal and necessary immunological response to invading …

The physiology of lactation includes development of the mammary gland from the foetal to
the adult stage, further development during pregnancy and onset of lactation, with the …