Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a central metabolite that plays an indispensable role in
various cellular processes, from energy supply to cell‐to‐cell signaling. Nature has …

Phosphoribosyl diphosphate (PRPP) is an important intermediate in cellular metabolism.
PRPP is synthesized by PRPP synthase, as follows: ribose 5-phosphate+ ATP→ PRPP+ …

Dietary fructose is primarily metabolized in the liver. Here we demonstrate that, compared
with normal hepatocytes, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells markedly reduce the rate of …

Relapse is the leading cause of mortality in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
(ALL). Among chemotherapeutics, thiopurines are key drugs in ALL combination therapy …

O-linked β-N-acetyl glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is at the crossroads of cellular metabolism,
including glucose and glutamine; its dysregulation leads to molecular and pathological …

An enhanced NADH/NAD+ ratio, termed reductive stress, is associated with many diseases.
However, whether a downstream sensing pathway exists to mediate pathogenic outcomes …

Ionizing radiation-induced DNA damages cause genome instability and are highly cytotoxic.
Deoxyribonucleotide metabolism provides building blocks for DNA repair. Nevertheless …

The universally conserved enzyme phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase (PRPS)
assembles filaments in evolutionarily diverse organisms. PRPS is a key regulator of …

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a precursor of NAD+, can be synthesized by the
conversion of nicotinamide with the help of nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase …

Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetases (PRSs) catalyze the first step of nucleotide
synthesis. Nucleotides are central to cell function, being the building blocks of nucleic acids …