The human heart is continually operating as a muscular pump, contracting, on average, 80
times per minute to propel 8000 liters of blood through body tissues each day. Whereas …

A general theory of mammalian sexual differentiation is proposed. All biological sex
differences are the result of the inequality in effects of the sex chromosomes, which are the …

Organoids capable of forming tissue-like structures have transformed our ability to model
human development and disease. With the notable exception of the human heart, lineage …

Certain fish and amphibians retain a robust capacity for cardiac regeneration throughout life,
but the same is not true of the adult mammalian heart. Whether the capacity for cardiac …

Adult humans fail to regenerate their hearts following injury, and this failure to regenerate
myocardium is a leading cause of heart failure and death worldwide. Although all adult …

Stem cell therapy for cardiac disease is an exciting but highly controversial research area.
Strategies such as cell transplantation and reprogramming have demonstrated both …

The adult human heart does not regenerate significant amounts of lost tissue after injury.
Rather than making new, functional muscle, human hearts are prone to scarring and …

Questions about how and why tissue regeneration occurs have captured the attention of
countless biologists, biomedical engineers and clinicians. Regenerative capacity differs …

Natural models of heart regeneration in lower vertebrates such as zebrafish are based on
invasive surgeries causing mechanical injuries that are limited in size. Here, we created a …

The heart holds the monumental yet monotonous task of maintaining circulation. Although
cardiac function is critical to other organs and to life itself, mammals are not equipped with …