The aim of this document was to provide a critical review of the current knowledge on
hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by the occupational environment and to propose …

Bioaerosols are formed by suspension of particles of biological origin in the air. They come
from a wide range of sources, many of which are associated with particular occupations …

Fungal spores are ubiquitous in the environment. However, exposure levels in workplaces
where mouldy materials are handled are much higher than in common indoor and outdoor …

Epidemiological studies on interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) may be schematically subdivided
into the following major types: 1) quantifications of disease, broken down into incidence …

This paper proposes that the mammalian immune response known as" allergy" evolved as a
last line of defense against the extensive array of toxic substances that exist in the …

Respiratory diseases have long been recognized in association with work in farming.
Overall, only a small proportion of the population is employed in agriculture, so respiratory …

The gain-of-function mucin 5B (MUC5B) promoter variant, rs35705950, confers the largest
risk, genetic or otherwise, for the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; however, the …

Study objective: To compare exposure to microorganisms associated with allergic alveolitis
(AA) and with febrile reactions to inhaled mold dust (organic dust toxic syndrome [ODTS]) in …

Organic Dust Toxic Syndrome (ODTS) is a flu-like illness following respiratory exposure to
organic dusts. It was first reported in the mid-1970s (1) and has been accepted as a distinct …

With respect to asthma, the evidence is conflicting at first glance. While some studies
indicated an increased risk of asthma after endotoxin exposure, others have shown that …