Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by infection with the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium
tuberculosis (M. tb) in the respiratory tract. There was an estimated 10.6 million people …

Correlates of Protection (CoP) are biomarkers above a defined threshold that can replace
clinical outcomes as primary endpoints, predicting vaccine effectiveness to support the …

With the continued emergence of variants of concern, the global threat of COVID-19 persists,
particularly in low-and middle-income countries with limited vaccine access. Protein-based …

Some individuals, even when heavily exposed to an infectious tuberculosis patient, do not
develop a specific T-cell response as measured by interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) …

Immunity acquired by vaccination following infection, termed hybrid immunity, has been
shown to confer enhanced protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome …

Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, humanity has experienced the spread and
circulation of several SARS-CoV-2 variants that differed in transmissibility, contagiousness …

Introduction Antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein are a critical immune
determinant for protection against the virus. While virus neutralization is a key function of …

Antibodies represent a primary mediator of protection against respiratory viruses. Serum
neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) are often considered a primary correlate of protection …

Enhancing livestock biosecurity is critical to safeguard the livelihoods of farmers, global and
local economies, and food security. Vaccination is fundamental to the control and prevention …

Besides neutralizing antibodies, which are considered an important measure for vaccine
immunogenicity, Fc-mediated antibody functions can contribute to antibody-mediated …