Asthma is characterized by mucus abnormalities. Airway epithelial hyperplasia and
metaplasia result in changes in stored and secreted mucin and the production of a …

Asthma is a T lymphocyte–controlled disease of the airway wall caused by inflammation,
overproduction of mucus and airway wall remodeling leading to bronchial hyperreactivity …

Asthma has been considered a T helper 2 (TH2) cell-associated inflammatory disease, and
TH2-type cytokines, such as interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5 and IL-13, are thought to drive the …

The clinical manifestations of asthma are caused by obstruction of the conducting airways of
the lung. Two airway cell types are critical for asthma pathogenesis: epithelial cells and …

The adoption of the concept that asthma is primarily a disease most frequently associated
with elaboration of T‐helper 2 (Th2)‐type inflammation has led to the widely held concept …

There are many downstream targets of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling
that are involved in neuronal development, cellular differentiation, cell migration, cancer …

Certain autoimmune diseases as well as asthma have increased in recent decades,
particularly in developed countries. The hygiene hypothesis has been the prevailing model …

Background An immune active cancer phenotype typified by a T helper 1 (Th-1) immune
response has been associated with increased responsiveness to immunotherapy and …

Rationale: Severe asthma (SA) is a heterogeneous disease with multiple molecular
mechanisms. Gene expression studies of bronchial epithelial cells in individuals with …

Current asthma therapy is based on the use of adrenergic bronchodilator and anti-
inflammatory drugs the specificity, efficacy, duration of action, and safety of which have been …