With the numerous detailed molecular descriptions of antibody-antigen interfaces, the
structural study of these molecular interactions has evolved from an attempt to understand …

A central dogma in immunology is that antibody specificity is solely the result of variable (V)-
region interactions with an antigen. However, this view is not tenable in light of numerous …

Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) are ubiquitous in the human population (> 90% of adults
are seropositive) but have never been implicated as the cause of any disease. They were …

Coronaviruses have caused several human epidemics and pandemics including the
ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Prophylactic vaccines and therapeutic …

We present an analysis of the water molecules immobilized at the protein–protein interfaces
of 115 homodimeric proteins and 46 protein–protein complexes, and compare them with …

Abstract In vertebrates, immunoglobulins (Igs), commonly known as antibodies, play an
integral role in the armamentarium of immune defense against various pathogens. After an …

The development of allergic disease involves the production of IgE antibodies upon allergen
exposure in a process called sensitization. IgE binds to receptors on the surface of mast …

The ability to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies should be a key component of any
forthcoming vaccine against human immunodeficiency virus type 1. One potential vaccine …

The redesign of protein− protein interactions is a stringent test of our understanding of
molecular recognition and specificity. Previously we engineered a modest specificity switch …

Bovine heart cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) pumps four proton equivalents per catalytic cycle
through the H-pathway, a proton-conducting pathway, which includes a hydrogen bond …