Constipation is a prevalent gastrointestinal symptom that can considerably affect a patients'
quality of life. Although several drugs have been used to treat constipation, they are …

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder that is characterized
by abdominal pain and disordered bowel habits. The etiology of IBS is multifactorial …

Maternal prenatal stress exposure affects the development of offspring. We searched for
articles in the PubMed database and reviewed the evidence for how prenatal stress alters …

Purpose Spleen deficiency diarrhea (SDD) is one of the most common types of diarrhea and
is linked to intestinal barrier dysfunction and intestinal flora disorders. Atractyloside-A (AA) is …

Background The neural control of gastrointestinal muscle relies on circuit activity whose
underlying motifs remain limited by small‐sample calcium imaging recordings confounded …

The enteric nervous system (ENS) regulates several functional and immunological
processes in the gastrointestinal tract. However, some diseases can disrupt the ENS …

Digestive functions of the colon depend on sensory-motor reflexes in the enteric nervous
system (ENS), initiated by intrinsic primary afferent neurons (IPANs). IPAN terminals project …

The enteric nervous system (ENS) regulates numerous functional and immunological
attributes of the gastrointestinal tract. Alterations in ENS cell function have been linked to …

Introduction Alterations in the composition and function of the gut microbiome have been
reported in idiopathic epilepsy (IE), however, interactions of gut microbes with the enteric …

Background Several studies have pointed to the critical role of gut microbiota (GM) and their
metabolites in Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) pathogenesis. However, the detailed causal …