Highlights•Synthetic fuels offer novel solutions to energy and environmental
challenges.•Synthetic fuels can be grouped based on their synthesis strategies.• …

In recent years, spectral analysis methods have developed rapidly. A key feature is the use
of chemometric methods to process spectral data for performing qualitative and quantitative …

Surrogate-based optimisation (SBO) algorithms are a powerful technique that combine
machine learning and optimisation to solve expensive optimisation problems. This type of …

Molecular refining is a concept and technology that recognizes and optimizes the oil refining
process from a molecular level by aiming to enhance the value of each molecule and …

Determining the optimal operating conditions for hydrocracking units is imperative due to the
changing nature of production requirements. However, it is expensive to optimize the …

In this study, the relationship between the operating conditions and the product yields and a
control framework of the hydrocracking process was developed. The data were collected …

Hybrid modeling, aiming to integrate the advantages of both first-principles models and data-
driven models, is an important technology for refinery process simulation and optimization …

Over the last five decades, there have been several phases of interest in the so-called
hydrogen economy, stemming from the need for either energy security enhancement or …

The mathematical modeling of hydrocracking kinetics of a heavy oil fraction was carried out
using the discrete lumping approach and different number of lumps, using all reaction routes …

This work introduces a deep-learning network, ie, multi-input self-organizing-map ResNet
(MISR), for modeling refining units comprised of two reactors and a separation train. The …