The great asymmetry of autoimmune diseases between genders represents one of the most
enigmatic observations among the mosaic of autoimmunity. Sex hormones are believed to …

During sepsis, a complex network of cytokine, immune, and endothelial cell interactions
occur and disturbances in the microcirculation cause organ dysfunction or even failure …

Sex based differences in immune responses, affecting both the innate and adaptive immune
responses, contribute to differences in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases in males and …

Sex hormones, especially estrogen and prolactin (PRL), have an important role in
modulating the immune response. PRL is secreted from the pituitary gland as well as other …

Dopamine (DA) receptor, a significant G protein-coupled receptor, is classified into two
families: D1-like (D1 and D5) and D2-like (D2, D3, and D4) receptor families, with further …

Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are estimated to affect between 5 and 8% of the US population,
and approximately 80% of these patients are women. Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an AD that …

Citation: Ghazeeri G, Abdullah L, Abbas O. Immunological differences in women compared
with men: overview and contributing factors. Am J Reprod Immunol 2011; 66: 163–169 …

Autoimmune diseases represent a complex heterogeneous group of disorders that occur as
a results of immune homeostasis dysregulation and loss of self-tolerance. Interestingly, more …

The sexual dimorphic prevalence of autoimmunity represents one of the most alluring
observations among the mosaic of autoimmunity. Sex hormones are believed to be a …

Objective Previous studies have demonstrated an association between sex hormone-related
traits and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, because of the difficulties in …