Background: Over the last decades, several individual studies on sex differences in carotid
atherosclerosis have been performed covering a wide range of plaque characteristics and …

MR imaging is well-established as the criterion standard for carotid artery atherosclerosis
imaging. The capability of MR imaging to differentiate numerous plaque components has …

Historically, the management of carotid artery disease has primarily focused on the degree
of stenosis as the main indicator for assessing stroke etiology, risk, and need for …

Purpose of the review Macrophage accumulation and activation function as hallmarks of
atherosclerosis and have complex and intricate dynamics throughout all components and …

Background The Plaque At RISK (PARISK) study demonstrated that patients with a carotid
plaque with intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) have an increased risk of recurrent ipsilateral …

Carotid artery stenosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The journey to
understanding carotid disease has developed over time and radiology has a pivotal role in …

Background and purpose Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is a major cause of
ischemic stroke in China, but the prevalence and prognosis of asymptomatic ICAD detected …

Background and aims Systemic low-grade inflammation, measured by plasma high-
sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels, is an important risk factor for atherosclerotic …

Purpose Patients with intracranial artery occlusion have high rates of ischaemic events and
recurrence. Early identification of patients with high-risk factors is therefore beneficial for …

Objectives Cryptogenic stroke represents a type of ischemic stroke with an unknown origin,
presenting a significant challenge in both stroke management and prevention. According to …