Clearance of apoptotic cells is the final stage of programmed cell death. Uncleared corpses
can become secondarily necrotic, promoting inflammation and autoimmunity. Remarkably …

Most functions of eukaryotic cells are controlled by cellular membranes, which are not static
entities but undergo frequent budding, fission, fusion, and sculpting reactions collectively …

We search in this paper for context-specific modes of three-dimensional (3D) cell migration
using imaging for phosphatidylinositol (3, 4, 5)-trisphosphate (PIP3) and active Rac1 and …

RAS proteins are important direct activators of p110α, p110γ, and p110δ type I
phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks), interacting via an amino-terminal RAS-binding domain …

All cellular compartments are separated from the external environment by a membrane,
which consists of a lipid bilayer. Subcellular structures, including clathrin-coated pits …

It is now accepted that activation of Class I PI3Ks (phosphoinositide 3-kinases) is one of the
most important signal transduction pathways used by cell-surface receptors to control …

Dock family proteins are evolutionary conserved exchange factors for the Rho GTPases Rac
and Cdc42. There are 11 Dock proteins in mammals, named Dock1 (or Dock180) to Dock11 …

Rho GTPase activation, which is mediated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs),
is tightly regulated in time and space. Although Rho GTPases have a significant role in many …

Ras and Rho proteins are GTP-regulated molecular switches that control multiple signaling
pathways in eukaryotic cells. Ras was among the first identified oncogenes, and it appears …

The redistribution of phosphatidylserine (PS) to the external surface of the plasma
membrane is a key element of apoptotic cell recognition and is a molecular cue that dying …