Over the last quarter century, the dominant tendency in comparative cognitive psychology
has been to emphasize the similarities between human and nonhuman minds and to …

The theory of evolution links random variation and selection to incremental adaptation. In a
different intellectual domain, learning theory links incremental adaptation (eg, from positive …

Cause-and-effect relationships play a central role in how we perceive and make sense of
the world around us, how we act upon it, and ultimately, how we under stand ourselves …

An account of the different ways in which things have become cognitive extensions of the
human body, from prehistory to the present. An increasingly influential school of thought in …

Cognition presents evolutionary research with one of its greatest challenges. Cognitive
evolution has been explained at the proximate level by shifts in absolute and relative brain …

Cumulative technological culture (CTC) refers to the increase in the efficiency and
complexity of tools and techniques in human populations over generations. A fascinating …

Episodic memory has been analyzed in a number of different ways in both philosophy and
psychology, and most controversy has centered on its self-referential, autonoetic character …

Many people like eating meat, but most are reluctant to harm things that have minds. The
current three studies show that this dissonance motivates people to deny minds to animals …

The past 50 years have seen an accumulation of evidence suggesting that associative
learning depends on high-level cognitive processes that give rise to propositional …

About 40 years ago, James J. Gibson coined the term “affordance” to describe the action
possibilities offered to an animal by the environment with reference to the animal's action …