Few fossils demonstrate the presence of the Hemichordata (Enteropneusta, Pterobranchia–
excluding benthic and planktic Graptolithina) in the early Palaeozoic. Many of these early …

All eight extant species of Rhabdopleura described between 1869 and 2018 are
provisionally accepted as valid based on a review of the literature and new data on two little …

Imagine the vast Palaeozoic oceans: graptolites (Pterobranchia, Graptolithina) appear as
small and inconspicuous benthic faunal elements in the early Cambrian, later becoming one …

Benthic graptolites (Graptolithina) were surprisingly common and diverse in the Miaolingian
(Cambrian), but have rarely been described in detail. Encrusting and erect growing colonies …

Pterobranchs originated in the basal Cambrian (Fortunian) and are mostly known by their
tubes preserved in the fossil record. The earliest forms are represented by bushy erect …

The description of benthic Graptolithina of the Guole Biota provides a first insight into the
diversification of the late Cambrian (Furongian) graptolites as few faunas have been …

The extant graptolite Rhabdopleura recondita has been so far recorded only as inhabiting a
bryozoan skeleton. Its larval settlement and metamorphosis are possible in the absence of a …

Twelve encrusters and three endobiont trace fossils were distinguished on silicified
brachiopod, coral and gastropod shells coming from the Kotýs Limestone (Lochkovian) of …

Devonian and Carboniferous dendroid graptolites from Belgium are evaluated and partly
revised. New finds in two different stratigraphic intervals of the 'Carrière de Lompret', an …

We describe here a new pterobranch, Cephalodiscus planitectus sp. nov. This pterobranch
was collected from rocky slopes, at 100–300 m depth, off Jogashima Island, Sagami Bay …