Background: Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) constitute a group of proteins that play a crucial
role in the process of protein folding. HSPs are also known to modulate a number of key …

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive subtypes of breast
cancer accounting for 15-20% of cases and is defined by the lack of hormonal receptors viz …

Introduction MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs (20 to 24
nucleotides) that post-transcriptionally modulate gene expression. A key oncomir in …

Various studies have evaluated the significance of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog
deleted from chromosome 10) expression in breast cancer, but their results remain …

Introduction Although human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive or estrogen
receptor (ER) positive breast cancers are treated with clinically validated anti-HER2 or anti …

The high therapeutic resistance of tumor is the primary cause behind tumor recurrence and
incurability. In recent years, scientists have devoted themselves to find a variety of …

First discovered in 1962, heat shock proteins (HSPs) are highly studied with about 35,500
publications on the subject to date. HSPs are highly conserved, function as molecular …

Background/Aim: Studies have focused on heat shock protein (Hsp) inhibitors as potential
treatment agents in breast cancer, with controversial results. Adopting a pathophysiological …

Hsp90 is an abundant protein in mammalian cells. It forms several discrete complexes, each
containing distinct groups of co-chaperones that assist protein folding and refolding during …

Advances in cancer biology have allowed early diagnosis and more comprehensive
treatment of breast cancer (BC). However, it remains the most common cause of cancer …