Elucidating the prefrontal cortical microcircuit has been challenging, given its role in multiple
complex behaviors, including working memory, cognitive flexibility, attention, social …

During even the most quiescent behavioral periods, the cortex and thalamus express rich
spontaneous activity in the form of slow (< 1 Hz), synchronous network state transitions …

Self-organizing neural organoids represent a promising in vitro platform with which to model
human development and disease,,,–. However, organoids lack the connectivity that exists in …

Neural computation involves diverse types of GABAergic inhibitory interneurons that are
integrated with excitatory (E) neurons into precisely structured circuits. To understand how …

A highly diverse population of neocortical GABAergic inhibitory interneurons has been
implicated in multiple functions in information processing within cortical circuits. The diversity …

Summary Subtypes of GABAergic interneurons (INs) are crucial for cortical function, yet their
specific roles are largely unknown. In contrast to supra-and infragranular layers, where most …

Inhibitory interneurons are critical to sensory transformations, plasticity and synchronous
activity in the neocortex,. There are many types of inhibitory neurons, but their synaptic …

Reciprocal interactions between the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and thalamus play a critical role
in cognition, but the underlying circuits remain poorly understood. Here we use optogenetics …

Sensory experience and perceptual learning changes receptive field properties of cortical
pyramidal neurons (PNs), largely mediated by synaptic long-term potentiation (LTP). The …

▪ Abstract Many neurons in the mammalian central nervous system communicate through
electrical synapses, defined here as gap junction–mediated connections. Electrical …