The bone point (SAM 42160) from> 60 ka deposits at Klasies River Main Site, South Africa,
is reassessed. We clarify the stratigraphic integrity of SAM 42160 and confirm its Middle …

There are many ways available now to maximise and analyse the information that can be
obtained on the structure and constitution of bone using SEM. This paper considers a range …

Cutmarks made by stone tools, conchoidal flake scars from hammerstone percussion,
carnivore tooth marks, striations from sedimentary abrasion, and other surface modifications …

There have been many recent observations of trampling and its effect on bone surfaces1–8
as well as some experimental investigation of the process9–14. Although there is known to …

Zooarchaeologists have become accustomed to high levels of confidence in their inferences
about the origins, functions, and responses to stress of animal remains. This confidence …

Cutmarks found on the fossilised bones of butchered animals provide direct evidence for the
procurement of meat through technological means. As such, they hold some of the oldest …

Shipman and Rose (1983) have recently attracted attention to the fact that the determination
of directionality of cutmarks could possibly provide additional evidence for interpretation of …

This study addresses the problem of diagenetic change in normal and palaeopathological
human skeletal material. Invasive sections were taken from adult human femora and tibiae …

Fully shaped, morphologically standardized bone tools are generally considered reliable
indicators of the emergence of modern behavior. We report the discovery of 23 double …

The burial environment of remains, deposited in direct contact with soil or (starting) within a
coffin, brings about multiple, often distinctive, taphonomic effects that can be used to …