The Earth as a planetary system has experienced significant change since its formation c.
4.54 Gyr ago. Some of these changes have been gradual, such as secular cooling of the …

We present a new synthesis of oceanic crustal structure from two‐dimensional seismic
profiles to explore differences related to spreading rate and age. Primary results are as …

Vanguard efforts in forecasting volcanic eruptions are turning to physics-based models,
which require quantitative estimates of magma conditions during pre-eruptive storage …

The dehydration of subducting oceanic crust and upper mantle has been inferred both to
promote the partial melting leading to arc magmatism and to induce intraslab intermediate …

When Harry Hess first proposed the theory of seafloor spreading, he imagined that mantle
peridotite upwelling at midocean ridges reacted with water to form a serpentinite oceanic …

From GF Becker's and LV Pirsson's early enunciations linking the dynamics of magma
chambers to the rock records of sills and plutons to this day, two features stand at the centre …

224 ALONG-STRIKE VARIATION IN THE ALEUTIANS proxy for an aqueous fluid component
derived from subducted basalt. Ce/Pb> 4 is common in Aleutian lavas west of 174 W, in …

▪ Abstract The recent recognition of a potentially vast, unexplored hot microbial biosphere
associated with active volcanism along the global mid-ocean ridge network has …

A high-resolution mapping and sampling study of the Gakkel ridge was accomplished during
an international ice-breaker expedition to the high Arctic and North Pole in summer 2001 …

Abyssal-hill-bounding faults that pervade the oceanic crust are the most common tectonic
feature on the surface of the Earth. The recognition that these faults form at plate spreading …